Showing results for: "fundamental" (19 results)
Modern physics often assumes that the complexity we observe in the universe reflects an underlying complexity in its fundamental structure. Fields, particles, forces, and geometries are typically introduced as independent components, each carrying its own degrees of freedom.
India’s space program, led by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), has evolved from modest experimental launches into a globally recognized scientific and technological enterprise.
How the fruit fly egg chamber reveals the secrets of cell migration and offers powerful insights into cancer metastasis and future therapies.
Mathematics is often described as the universal language of the universe, a field that transcends cultures and eras to provide the tools for understanding the world. From the ancient geometries of Egypt to modern computational algorithms, mathematics is at the heart of human discovery and technological progress.
Cells constantly sense signals from their environment and convert them into internal actions through biochemical signalling pathways.
Inhalable vaccines trigger powerful mucosal immunity where pathogens enter the body, offering needle-free protection against respiratory diseases.
Web 3.0, commonly referred to as Web3, marks a new era of the World Wide Web characterized by distinct values and technological advancements. Its key features include ubiquity, decentralization, artificial intelligence, blockchain technology, and improved connectivity.
Ageing is accompanied by a gradual decline in physiological functions, among which deterioration of the immune system termed immunosenescence—has profound implications for human health.
Using a simple childhood observation as the starting point, we show how shifting from origin-based to boundary-based thinking resolves infinite regress and opens a clearer way to engage with fundamental concepts in physics, time, and existence
(DCTs) are redefining how pharmaceutical studies are designed, conducted, and analyzed by moving away from traditional site-centric models toward patient-centric, digitally enabled trial ecosystems.
Ever wonder what it’s like if a tiny chip could detect cancer before symptoms appear. Biosensor technology is transforming cancer detection- earlier, faster and more accessible for people worldwide
Evolution is often imagined as a process that unfolds over millions of years. However, in microorganisms such as yeasts, evolutionary changes can occur much more rapidly. Yeasts reproduce quickly, populations grow to large sizes, and genetic variations can spread through generations in a short time.
In this study, I explore how cancer risk is distributed across the animal kingdom, emphasizing the role of life-history traits, reproductive strategies, and social behavior in shaping susceptibility to disease. Drawing on recent findings in comparative oncology, the article examines patterns that challenge traditional assumptions, such as the relationship between body size and cancer, and highlights evolutionary mechanisms that may confer resistance in certain species.
A future without transplant waitlists? Tissue engineering blends biology and engineering to build living, functional human tissue.
In many areas of physics, the word “singularity” implies the breakdown of equations — an undefined point where the mathematics “fails” or where physical laws suddenly stop working. But this interpretation has always felt philosophically unsatisfying. Why should nature permit a point where its own rules dissolve?
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex and dynamic ecosystem composed of malignant cells, immune infiltrates, stromal elements, and vascular components that collectively influence tumor initiation, progression, immune escape, and therapeutic response. Traditional bulk transcriptomic approaches obscure this complexity by averaging gene expression across heterogeneous cell populations.
Tiny but powerful, basement membranes support cells, regulate barriers, and drive disease when disrupted—key players in health, aging, and cancer.
Have you ever intended to check a single notification, only to realize forty minutes have vanished into an endless scroll? In 2026, privacy is no longer just about your data; it is about your thought process. Is your next choice truly yours, or has a 'Digital Twin' already made it for you
Environmental pollution in densely populated regions remains a persistent challenge, particularly where cultural, religious, and social practices intersect with fragile ecosystems. While industrial emissions and vehicular pollution have received substantial scholarly attention, the environmental impact of everyday ritual and community practices
